Differential antimicrobial extract activity of Graviola (Annona muricata) on gram positive and gram- negative antibiotic-resistant bacteria

New agents are needed with the increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Identification plants activity against MDR bacteria is importance. The antimicrobial commercially available Graviola preparations 38 clinical and laboratory isolates, representing drug-sensitive Gram positive negative bacteria, was measured by broth microdilution. Commercially fruit, as well leaves/stems preparations, exhibited both inhibitory cidal activity. However, fruit preparation showed significantly less than preparation. titer ranged from 1:4 to 1:16 bacteria; including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC). had no effect on Lactobacillus. In addition, further extractions were tested MRSA MSSA in an in-vitro biofilm wound infection model. polar extracts stems/leaves highest bactericidal preventing inhibiting formation. Thus, differential for phytochemical utility